A number of commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs cause joint pain. So do the drugs used to treat their side effects - the drugs injected to increase white blood cells that are commonly destroyed by chemotherapy. According to Lynn Marzinski, a registered nurse who is the coordinator of the Brandmeyer Patient Resource Center at Kansas University Hospital; the joint pain can be absolutely terrible - the pain lasts for a few days and it is so bothersome it is tough for the patients to move around.

Currently there is no effective therapy against estrogen independent breast cancer. A cell line used in the research of breast cancers that are not fed by estrogen or other hormones, but are highly aggressive and invasive, is the MDA-MB-231 cell line. When a drug or strategy for preventing highly aggressive and dangerous breast cancers is studied they often use these cells.

Aminoglycoside antibiotics cause toxicity to the kidneys that can reverse after termination of drug use, and permanent damage to hearing (ototoxicity). Because of their toxicity, and because they work against serious infections these antibiotics are reserved for severe infections by specific-dangerous bacteria. Free radical damage generated by the antibiotics contributes to both types of toxicity.

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a component of the cell membrane; the outer boundary of the cell that controls what goes into and out of your cells. There is evidence that PS, already known for its ability to improve memory and cognitive functions, can help the body bounce back better from intense physical activity and also improves concentration while reducing mental stress. Scientists at the University of Paderborn in Germany reasoned that PS may be beneficial in golf; a sport requiring high levels of concentration and coordination.