Diseases of the blood vessels, high blood pressure, and atherosclerosis (clogging of larger blood vessels) accounts for a very large number of deaths globally. Both high blood pressure and hardening of blood vessel walls contain an element of insulin resistance. The insulin resistance causes inappropriate sugar and fat metabolism leading to the formation of aldehydes (toxic-unstable alcohol like substances).

Many drugs used to treat cancer cause nerve damage and nerve pain leading to loss of function and disability. The risk of cumulative toxicity to nerve tissue can limit the use of highly effective chemotherapeutic agents. The prevention and treatment of nerve toxicity caused by chemotherapy is a major clinical issue.

Infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes damage and scarring in the liver. Carnosine and Zinc have both been shown to reduce damage in the liver, scarring, and the death of liver tissue. In this new study 14 patients with chronic liver disease caused by the HCV were supplemented with a combination of Zinc-Carnosine daily for 6 months in addition to their usual medication.

A subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a type of stroke where a blood vessel ruptures causing bleeding over the surface of the brain. It is usually due to a ruptured aneurysm. It can lead to death or severe disability.

If a blood clot forms in a vein it can dislodge and travel through the blood stream. If it lodges in the heart, lungs, or brain it can be life-threatening or lead to major disability. The formation of the clot is referred to as venous thromboembolism (VTE).