High Blood Pressure and mental Decline
October
06,
2004
Previously we have reported studies concerning the impact of
increasing blood pressure and its connection to decreasing mental
function in older adults. This new study shows that this mental
decline with increasing blood pressure also applies to younger
adults in their 20s and 30s. The researchers evaluated the link
between blood pressure and mental decline in 529 subjects followed
for 20 years. The researchers found that blood pressure was
inversely related to mental performance over time, with elevations
causing a decline in performance. The subjects were initially split
into two groups, those 47 to 83 years of age, and those 18 to 46
years of age. The worsening mental function with increasing blood
pressure levels was similar in both age groups. The study is
published in the current issue of Hypertension, a journal of the
American Heart Association.
Mercury in Swordfish at a Dangerous Level
A new study found that two-thirds of the swordfish samples tested
had mercury levels high enough to trigger enforcement action by
the Food and Drug Administration. In a random sample, 17 out of
25 packages of frozen swordfish were contaminated with toxic
mercury above the FDA's action level of 1 part per million. At
this level or greater the FDA can take legal action to remove
products from the supermarket. In the current sampling, the levels
of mercury exceeding the FDA's action level were 1.02 parts per
million to 4.15 parts per million. At 2 parts per million of mercury,
a 120 pound person eating just 3 ounces per week of swordfish would
exceed the EPA's safety guideline for mercury intake by four
times.
The samples were purchased in various California supermarkets, but
mercury in fish and swordfish is a national problem. The new findings
add to concern about contaminants in large fish at the top of the
aquatic food chain. The mercury contamination most likely comes
from rock formations, industrial emissions, or discharges by
coal-burning power plants.
Even at low levels mercury can harm the development of a fetus or
young child. Each year an estimated 630,000 infants are born with
unsafe levels of mercury. Recently warnings have been issued by
the FDA advising pregnant and nursing mothers, and young children
to not eat swordfish, shark, king mackerel, and tilefish, and be
cautious with albacore tuna.
The story is published in the Wednesday, September 29th edition
of the San Francisco Chronicle, and is published on the World
Health News site from the Harvard School of Public Health.
Resveratrol Improves the Activity of Chemotherapy for Liver Cancer
Liver cancer was induced in mice. Resveratrol was supplemented at
a dosage of 10mg/kg or 15mg/.kg versus inactive placebo for 10
days. The Resveratrol inhibited the liver cancer growth by 36.3%
at the lower dosage and 40.3% at the higher, it continued to grow
on placebo. Resveratrol at a dosage of 10mg/kg was added to two
different dosages of 5-FU, a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug.
The 5-FU was given at 10mg'kg or 20mg/kg. In mice receiving 5FU
10mg/kg with Resveratrol the growth of the liver tumor was inhibited
by 72.4% and with the Resveratrol plus 5-FU at the 20mg/kg dosage
the growth of the liver cancer was inhibited by 77.4%. 5-FU alone
at 10mg/kg inhibited the growth by 43.8%, and at 20mg/kg 5-FU the
growth was inhibited by 53.4%. The Resveratrol increased the
effectiveness of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-FU in liver cancer
while also decreasing its toxicity. The study is published in the
October 2004 issue of the World Journal of
Gastroenterology.
The Many Ways that Resveratrol Protects Your Cardiovascular System
Resveratrol protects the cardiovascular system in many ways including:
- Defense against ischemic reperfusion injury (blood rushing back into the heart after a heart attack causing major damage to the heart muscle)
- Promoting the relaxation of blood vessels (improves blood flow, decreases elevated blood pressure if it decreases peripheral resistance)
- Protects and maintains healthy blood vessel walls
- Helps reduce inflammation in blood vessel walls that triggers atherosclerosis
- Helps prevent LDL-cholesterol from going rancid (reducing its ability to contribute to hardening of the arteries)
- Helps prevent abnormal thickening of the blood
This review is published in the Fall 2004 issue of the Journal
of Medicinal Food.
Resveratrol Increases Levels of a Gene that Stimulates the Production of Protective HDL
LDL-cholesterol goes rancid easily and causes cardiovascular
disease. HDL can prevent this from happening. Human paraoxonase-1
(PON-1) is an enzyme that is released by our liver. PON-1 gives
HDL its ability to help prevent LDL-cholesterol from going bad and
causing hardening of the arteries and cardiovascular disease.
Resveratrol does this by increasing levels of a gene that trigger
the release of protective PON-1 enzyme in HDL. The study is
published in the September 30th issue of the journal
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.